Monopotassium phosphate (MKP), with the chemical formula KH₂(PO₄), has a molar mass of 136.086 g/mol. This substance appears as a white powder, is odorless, and is anhydrous. Its density is 2.338 g/cm³, the melting point is 256.6 °C, and the boiling point is 400 °C. The solubility of this compound in water at 25 °C is 22 g/100 mL. Its acidity is measured at 7.2, while its alkalinity is 11.9; the acidic nature of this compound aids in the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other micronutrients from the soil or solution. The structure of this compound is crystalline and powdered; overall, it has high purity and excellent solubility. Monopotassium phosphate is also known as potassium dihydrogen phosphate or MKP. The single crystal of this substance has magnetic properties, and it is poorly soluble in ethanol.

Production Method:

The industrial production of this compound is achieved through the neutralization reaction of phosphoric acid and potassium carbonate, where the pH of the solution should not be high. A temperature above 169 °C causes sodium salt to dissolve in pyrophosphoric acid during the following reactions:

1. Na₂HPO₄ + H₃PO₄ → ۲NaH₂PO₄
2. NaH₂PO₄ → Na₂H₂P₂O₇ + ۲H₂O

The separation of the produced product is done through filtration, and crystallization occurs at low temperatures.

Applications:

One of the primary applications of monopotassium phosphate is in agriculture as a fertilizer and as a source of potassium and phosphorus for plants. This application leads to temporary increases in plant resistance to pests and diseases, enhances root formation, improves agricultural product quality, enhances the color and weight of fruits, and combats fungal diseases. This substance is also used as a raw material in dietary supplements, animal feed, and the pharmaceutical industry.

Other applications include:

1. Using this compound as a basic agent to adjust pH in certain products and reduce ammonia loss from fertilizers.
2. Its use as dietary supplements.
3. It serves as a main ingredient in energy drinks.
4. In the textile industry.
5. It is used in the manufacture of dental coatings to preserve enamel.
6. In toothpaste and mouthwash, it prevents tooth decay.
7. Its use in powdered milk and animal feed as an emulsifier.
8. In cosmetic and personal care products and food industries, such as sausages, processed meats, candies, beverages, and dietary supplements, it is used as a pH control agent.

Packaging:

Monopotassium phosphate is distributed in bags of 25 kg.